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Liubian products are traditional handicrafts that have enjoyed widespread popularity across China for centuries. As the saying goes, "Woven baskets and braids, every family has them." This is because the raw materials used in their production are diverse and easily accessible. In northern regions, common materials include willow, tamarix, mulberry, vitex, and amorpha—plants that thrive in saline-alkali soils and swampy areas. These natural resources make Liubian crafts both practical and culturally significant.
The craft of Liubian involves five primary techniques: flat weaving, stranding, edging, masonry, and entanglement. Each technique contributes to the unique texture and structure of the final product.
1. **Flat Weaving Techniques**
Flat weaving is the most common method used in creating sheet mats. It involves interlacing warp and weft threads in a crisscross pattern. The design can vary depending on whether it's one-up-one-down, two-up-two-down, or any other combination, allowing for a wide range of patterns. This technique is also the foundation for other forms such as high-suede weaving, bamboo weaving, and rush weaving. However, flat weaving is less commonly used in wickerwork due to its more rigid structure.
2. **Stranding Techniques**
Stranding, or twisted weaving, is another key method. Unlike flat weaving, where the warp and weft are evenly interlaced, stranding involves arranging the warp first, often using flexible materials like rope, slivers, bamboo rods, or even wire. The weft is then woven around these elements in a circular motion, covering the warp entirely. This technique is ideal for softer materials like Pucao, Xiliu, and mulberry, which allow for greater flexibility and durability.
3. **Edging Techniques**
Edging is an essential part of Liubian craftsmanship, particularly when making containers such as baskets, buckets, and bags. The process typically involves using hemp rope as the warp and wicker as the weft. The two are interlaced and tightened around a central buckle, ensuring a secure and sturdy finish. To maintain neatness, additional panels or frames are often added to the edges, preventing the structure from becoming loose or disorganized.
4. **Masonry Techniques**
Masonry refers to the method of creating circular or three-dimensional objects by bundling and twisting braids together. This technique is often used for items like rice dumplings, rice cookers, and paper dumplings. The braids are tightly packed and secured with a firm cymbal or frame, giving the object a solid and stable form. This method is especially effective for crafting items that require structural integrity.
5. **Entanglement Techniques**
Entanglement is a finishing technique used to reinforce and decorate the edges and handles of Liubian products. It involves using hard materials as a core and wrapping them with soft slivers such as vine skin, plastic tape, or suede. This not only strengthens the structure but also adds an aesthetic element. The wrapped edges can be single or multiple strips, arranged neatly for a simple yet elegant look. When multiple colors are used, the result is visually striking, often seen in willow products, screens, and furniture edges.
These traditional techniques, passed down through generations, continue to play a vital role in preserving China’s rich cultural heritage. Whether used for daily utility or artistic expression, Liubian crafts remain a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of Chinese artisans.
August 26, 2025