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Liubian products are traditional handicrafts that have been widely popular in China for generations. As the saying goes, "Woven baskets and braids are found in every household," highlighting their common presence in daily life. The reason for their widespread use lies in the diversity of raw materials available for production. In northern China, the main materials used for basket weaving include willow, tamarix, mulberry, vitex, and amorphous plants, all of which grow naturally in saline-alkali soils and wetlands.
There are five primary techniques used in this craft: flat knitting, stranding, edging, masonry, and entanglement. Each plays a unique role in shaping the final product.
1. **Flat Knitting Techniques**
This is the most commonly used method for weaving mats. It involves interlacing warp and weft threads in a grid-like pattern. Depending on the desired design, the weaver can alternate between one-up-one-down or two-up-two-down patterns, creating various cross-weave effects. This technique is also the foundation for other forms such as high-grade wickerwork, bamboo weaving, and rush weaving. However, it's not typically used for more complex wicker items.
2. **Stranding Techniques**
Stranded weaving is another key method characterized by the compression of warp and weft. Unlike flat knitting, where both warp and weft are woven simultaneously, stranded weaving first lays out the warp (which can be rope, slivers, bamboo rods, or even wire), and then weaves the weft around them using twisting motions. The result is a smooth surface with the warp hidden beneath. This technique requires soft and flexible materials, making it ideal for weaving with reeds like Pucao, Xiliu, and mulberry.
3. **Edging Techniques**
Le Bian is a traditional form of wickerwork, and the items produced using this method are generally referred to as “fed.†The process uses hemp rope as the warp and wicker as the weft, with the two interwoven and tightened around a buckle once completed. Common items made this way include gongs, buckets, baskets, and wicker bags. To ensure neatness, additional panels or frames are often added to the edges of these artifacts.
4. **Masonry Techniques**
Masonry is a widely used technique in traditional hand-knitting. Items made using this method are often called “stuffing.†The process involves bundling braids together and then wrapping them tightly with a firm frame. This technique is commonly used for circular objects like rice dumplings, rice cookers, and paper dumplings.
5. **Entanglement Techniques**
Entanglement is an essential finishing technique used for edges and handles. It involves using a hard core material as the base and wrapping it with soft fibers—such as vine bark, plastic tape, or suede—in a specific direction. This not only reinforces the structure but also adds a decorative touch. The wrapped edges can be single or multiple strips, arranged neatly for a clean look. When multiple colors are used, the effect becomes more vibrant and visually appealing. This technique is frequently seen in willow products, screens, and wooden furniture.
August 26, 2025